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WILLIAMS & LEMON.

Churn Dasher.

No. 77,789. Patented May 12, 1868.

' N. PETERS, FHOTO-UTHDGRAPNER; WASHINGTON, D Q

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JOHN, E. WILLIAMS AND MICHAEL LEMON, OF BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 77,789, dated May 12, 186E.

IMPROVEMENT IN GHURN-DASHER.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY'GONGERN:

- Be it known that we, Jonu EIWILLIAMs and Mrcmnr. LEMON, of Binghamton, in the county of Broome, and State'of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement on Churn-Dashers; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same,'reference being had to the accompanying drawings, makings part of this specification, in which- .Figure 1 represents the dasher'androd in a vertical position,

Figure 2 shows the lower surface of the dasher-with the valve on the end of rodand holesin the'dasher.

The'letters of-reference in each figure indicate'like parts. p p

The nature of our invention consists of a churn-dasher, provided with four angular wings at right angles with each other, their length. and breadth depending upon the inside diameter of the churn, on the under surfaceof which dashes there is acorrespondingrecess extending nearlyto the ends' of the wings which connects with an air-passage through the dasher-rqd, and oblique openings extending through the outer edges of said wings, thereby equalizing the circulation of the air, and facilitating the rupture of the globules of the cream.

To enable'others to make anduse our invention, wewill proceed to describe its construction and operation.

We construct our churn-dasher, A,'of wood, with four angular horizontal Wings, 3 B, with a hole in the centre to receive the end ofthe hollow, rod 0. We then makes. recess, D, in the lower surface, nearly the full size of the dasher, leaving a narrow rim on the sides and ends of the wings. Through the bottom and near the edges of this recess we make bliqueholes, E E, inclining outward, passing through the outer edges.

' When we use a largerssized churn, we extend the' wings, and, if operated by the same motive-power, diminish their width or increase the number of oblique openings through their lateral edges.

Tothe lower end of the hollow dasher-rod we set avalve, Fgwhich is held in its place, and works on a staple-shaped wire,- =G,]the prongs of'w'hich pass through two holes near i ts edges, under: a transverse line through its centre, into the end ofnthe rod. The ordinary valve used .for this purpose is hinged on the side,-

while our valve works on the centre, thereby insuring a more equal and forcible circulation of air.

The recess Din our dasheris larger and differently 'construetedfrom those in ordinary use, whichincreasefl.

I and-varies the circulating currents of the air through the cream, causing it to impinge against the sides of the churn by its passage through vthe obliqueopening's E E, at the-same time coming in contact with the upward current of cream, whichalso'pass'c's the angular points of the dnsher-wings, thereby facilitatingthe rupture of the globules, and securing theudesired temperature.

We disclaim all similar arrangements, and confine ourselves only to the novel features of our invention. What weclai'm, and desire to sec'ure by Letters Patent, is-- v -The .cdmbihatiomof the dasher A, centre-hinged valve ,F, hollow shaft or dasher-rod C, and oblique openingsE E-';th i-ough the edges of the wings, all being constructed substantially as herein described and represented for the purl: Jse set forth. JOHN E. WILLIAMS,

MICHAEL LEMON. Witnesses:

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